Shangchai W Series Engine Troubleshooting Guidelines

1

Engine will not start

6

Oil temperature and consumption too high

2

Engine power output low

7

Coolant in lube oil

3

Abnormal noise and vibration

8

Coolant temperature too high

4

Abnormal-smoke

9

Coolant temperature too low

5

Abnormal oil pressure

10

Oil in coolant

11

Electrical system fault

14

Fuel feed pump fault

12

Fuel injection pump fault

15

Fuel injector fault

13

Governor fault

16

Turbocharger fault

The engine can not fire after being driven bu starter, and no fuel in the fuel pump return pipe

Malfunction of fuel system:

(1) Air in the fuel system

(2) Fuel liquidity affected because of cold weather.

(3) The fuel pipe is blocked

(4) The fuel filter is blocked

(5) The fuel feed pump can not supply or continuously supply fuel

(6) The position of governor control handle is not correct.

(7) Improper fuel injection pump timing

(8) Very small or no injected fuel flow or no fuel atomization

Remove air from the fuel system and refer to section 5.3 for the procedure.

Choose proper fuel specified in this manual based on ambient condition.

Check and clean the pipe

Clean the strainer and replace the fuel filter.

Check the inlet pipe for leakage and the inlet pipe.

joint strainer for blockage. If it does not work, check the inlet pipe and feed pump.

The handle should be placed to min. Stable idle speed. Let a professional serviceman adjust the control handle when required.

Check and adjust the fuel injection pressure to the specified value on a test stand. Replace the injector(s) if required.

Engine will not crank when the starting switch gets on

(1) The wire of circuit connects incorrectly or contact is not good

(2) Insufficient battery power

Check whether the wire connection is correct or reliable.

Charge battery, or adopt a battery with sufficient output or add some more batteries in parallel.

Repair or replace the carbon bush, clean the reverse surface by wood abrasive paper, and blowing-off, or regulate the spring pressure.

Disconnect the engine with driven equipment and barring the engine to check if the crank train rotate with difficulty due to bearing seizure of crankshaft, connecting rod or piston or wrong crankshaft gear timing.

There is no fire while the fuel injection is right, and there is fuel in exhaust pipe

Insufficient cylinder 

compression pressure:

(1) Over wear of piston ring or cylinder liner

(2) Leakage at valves

Replace the piston ring and replace the cylinder liner according to the ware condition.

Check the valve clearance, valve spring, valve guide and the sealing condition of the valve seat. Make replacement, repair or grinding if necessary.

Starting time is long and there is no fire

Too low of ambient temperature

Use cold starting aid according to ambient temperature.

Power or speed does not go up after increasing the fuel supply

Failure of fuel system:

(1) The fuel pipeline broken, or leakage at the pipeline joints, fuel filter blocked or air in the fuel system.

(2) Not enough fuel, or water and impurity in the fuel tank.

(3) Incorrect fuel injection pump timing.

(4) Not enough fuel supply from the fuel injection pump.

(5) Poor fuel atomization or low injection pressure.

Replace the damaged fuel pipe, tighten the joints, clean the strainer, replace fuel filter, and priming the fuel system.

Make sure there is enough fuel in the fuel tank. Discharge water and sediments in the fuel tank. Change the fuel in the tank with clean fuel if necessary.

Check and adjust the fuel injection pump timing.

Check the fuel injection pump and replace it if required.

Let a professional serviceman inspect the injectors for injection spray and injection pressure, and make adjustment. Replace the injector(s) if necessary.

Higher exhaust temperature and poor smoke at normal working condition

Failure of inlet and exhaust system:

(1) Block of the air filter

(2) Leakage in the intake system

(3) Block of the exhaust pipe, the connection pipe too long, or with too small elbow, or with too many elbows

(4) Wrong valve clearance

(5) Wrong fuel injection pump timing

Clean the filter element and replace it when required.

Check the pipeline somewhere between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of intake manifold for leakage and remove the leak source.

Remove the carbon deposit inside the exhaust pipe, reduce elbows to no more than 3 and increase across area.

Check and adjust the valve clearance and refer to Section of 5.3 for the procedure.

Check and adjust the fuel injection pump timing.

Poor engine performance at all speeds

Change of fuel injection pump timing

Check and adjust the fuel injection pump timing.

Engine overheat

(1) Ambient temperature too high

(2) The temperature of lube oil and cooling water are very high and the exhaust temperature is also high

Improve the ventilation condition and take a good temporary cooling measure if the ambient temperature is too high.

Check and repair the cooler and rediator, and remove the scale. Inspect the diameter of relevant pipelines for too small across areas.

Not only low power output and poor engine performance, but also as leak, black smoke from the intake pipe and knocking noise.

Failure of cylinder head group:

(1) Looseness of cylinder head nuts or the damage of the cylinder gasket due to gas leak from and engine block, especially flowing out from the cylinder head gasket during transit operation.

(2) Leakage at intake or exhaust valve(s)

(3) Valve spring(s) damaged

(4) Wrong valve clearance

(5) Leakage at fuel injector hole or the damage of injector copper washer.

(6) Insufficient compression pressure due to the seizure of piston ring or valve stem.

Tighten the cylinder head nuts to the defined torque. Replace the cylinder head gasket, and repair the joint plane if necessary.

Disassembly and inspect the intake and exhume valves, repair and grind. Replace the valve seat(s) or/and valve(s) if required.

Replace the damaged spring(s)

Check and adjust the valve clearance and refer to Section of 5.3 for the procedure.

Check and repair the damaged parts.

Replace the piston rings, pistons, cylinder, lines and valves. Make replacement if necessary.

Abnormal noise and drop the oil pressure

Seizure of the connecting rod bearing(s) and crankshaft

Check the large end of connecting rods for the side clearance as well as backward and forward movement. If the connecting rods cannot movement, repair the crankshaft pin and change the connecting rod bearing(s)

Drop of speed, decrease of inlet air pressure, air leak or abnormal noise, leak.

Fault of the turbocharger:

(1) Wear of the turbocharge bearing and contact of the blades of the compressor or turbine to their housings.

(2) Dirt and block of the compressor and air leak at inlet pipe(s)

Let a professional serviceman check the turbocharger. Make replacement if necessary.

Let a professional serviceman clean the compressor housing and impeller. And tighten the joint nuts and clamps.