Closed Cycle Water Cooling System for Diesel Generator Set

The closed-loop water cooling system consists of a water pump, a radiator tank, a thermostat, a fan, and other components.

The circulation of water in a closed loop water cooling system is forced by a water pump, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the water jacket is small (can not exceed 10C). Its working process is shown in the figure. The water pump sucks in low-temperature water from the cooling water tank, increases the pressure, and sends it to the oil cooler. Then it flows through the cylinder block and the cooling water jacket of the cylinder, takes away heat, and flows back to the cooling water tank through the water pipe for cooling. The cooling water continuously circulates to maintain the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine within a certain range. Usually, the outlet temperature of cooling water is 343~363K (70C~90C).

The forced circulation water cooling system is divided into closed circulation and open circulation according to the source of cooling water. The characteristic of closed cycle is that it consumes less water, can maintain the cleanliness of cooling water, is easy to control the inlet water temperature, makes the internal combustion engine work stably, and achieves good economy. However, the structure is complex and requires some power consumption to drive the fan. Another type is open cycle, in which cooling water is introduced into the cooling parts of the internal combustion engine from external water sources (such as pools, rivers, etc.), cools the heated components, and then discharges them into the surrounding environment. It uses components such as radiator and fan without heat dissipation, but the cooling intensity is not easy to adjust.

The cooling system of internal combustion engines is generally designed for rated power conditions under high temperature climate conditions, while in other operating conditions, the heat dissipation intensity of the cooling system should be adjusted. There are usually two ways to adjust the cooling water flow rate and air volume.

(1) Cooling water flow regulation. This adjustment method is often controlled automatically by a thermostat. The thermostat circulates the cooling water in large or small cycles according to the working water temperature, thereby changing the cooling intensity.

(2) Air volume regulation. This adjustment method mainly adjusts the amount of air flowing through the cooling water tank. There are two methods: one is to open or close the louvers in front of the radiator according to different working conditions; The second is to change the fan speed according to different situations.

The cooling system of Z12V190B diesel engine is a typical internal combustion engine cooling system, consisting of two water pumps, two radiator tanks, fans, oil coolers, etc., and forming two separate cooling circulation systems, namely the "high temperature circulation system" and the "low temperature circulation system" commonly referred to as the right outlet water pipe

The cooling water in the front cooling water tank of the "high-temperature circulation system" is pressurized by the right water pump and enters the right drainage inlet, and is then sent to the left drainage inlet through the connecting water pipe. After passing through the cooling water jackets of the left and right rows of cylinder blocks and cylinder heads, the cooling water flows back to the front cooling water tank through the outlet pipe at the top of the cylinder head. There is a booster inlet pipe on the connected water pipe, which sends the cooling water to the booster cooling water chamber, and then flows through the booster return pipe to the machine body outlet pipe. Because this cooling system is used to cool high-temperature components and the cooling water temperature is relatively high, it is called a "high-temperature circulation system".

The left water pump, intercooler, oil cooler, and rear radiator form another circulation system to cool the air flowing through the intercooler and the lubricating oil in the oil cooler. Due to the low water temperature, it is called a "low-temperature circulation system".

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