Common Starting Methods of Diesel Generator Internal Combustion Engines

Today, we will briefly introduce the common starting methods of diesel generator internal combustion engines.

When the diesel generator internal combustion engine is in a static state, the crankshaft is pushed by external force to start the whole process of the internal combustion engine, which is called starting. A set of devices required to complete the starting is called the starting system. When starting the internal combustion engine, the compressed gas resistance in the cylinder and various frictional resistance and inertial forces generated by the engine itself and its accessories must be overcome, and the torque required to overcome these resistances must be overcome. called the starting torque.

The low speed necessary to ensure the smooth start of the internal combustion engine is called the starting speed. The gasoline engine requires a starting speed of 50~70 r/min under the temperature of 0-200C. The starting speed of the diesel engine is relatively high. When the temperature is above 0°C, the starting speed is required to be 100-250r/min. The internal combustion engine must be started quickly and reliably. For the same type of internal combustion engine, the national standard stipulates that the internal combustion engine should be able to start smoothly without taking special measures when the ambient temperature is not lower than the following.

The general purpose diesel engine is not lower than 5 ℃. Diesel engines started with gasoline engines and diesel engines for automobiles shall not be lower than 0°C. Gasoline engine is not lower than -5 ℃. Due to the large compression ratio of the diesel engine, the large inertial force of the moving parts and the high starting speed, its starting power is 3 to 4 times larger than that of the gasoline engine of the same power.

There are four commonly used starting methods:

Human start: For low-power internal combustion engines below 20 horsepower, it is generally started by human power, and the crankshaft is usually directly rotated by cranks, ropes, etc.: some four-stroke internal combustion engines rotate the crankshaft through the camshaft speed increase. The crank handle or claw wheel structure allows only one-way transmission of torque to prevent the engine from reversing and hurting people. Diesel engines that are started manually must be equipped with a decompression mechanism and use the inertial force of the flywheel to overcome the starting resistance. The decompression mechanism actually opens the valve mechanism.

Motor starting: Motor starting is widely used in gasoline engines for vehicles and medium and small power diesel engines for various purposes. This kind of starting method uses the battery as the power source, and a special starter motor drives the crankshaft to rotate. In order to ensure the service life of the battery, the power on each start should not exceed 15s, and the continuous use should not exceed 3 times, and the gap time between each time is not less than 1min. Gasoline electromechanical starting power is IV. = (0.015-0.025) Ne. (kW), the battery capacity is 50-150A/h, the voltage is 12V (Ne is the engine output power), and the diesel-electric starting power is N. =(002-01)NP(kW), the battery capacity is 100-200A/h and the voltage is 12-24V.

Compressed air start: There are two ways to start the compressed air, one is to use the air distributor to set the pressure to 3000~5000kPa. The high-pressure air is sent to each cylinder according to the working order of the internal combustion engine to directly push the piston to start the engine; the other is to drive the air motor with compressed cold air, and the air motor drives the engine to start. The former starting method is generally used for diesel engines with a cylinder diameter of 150 mm. On the other hand, the latter starting device is interchangeable with electric starting.

Auxiliary gasoline engine starting: diesel engines for construction machinery, mining machinery and large and medium tractors are often started with auxiliary gasoline engines. A small gasoline engine for starting is installed on the diesel engine, and the gasoline engine is started by manpower, and then the diesel engine is driven to start through the transmission device. It is only used for the internal combustion engine for field operations that does not require frequent starting.

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