Diesel Generator Cylinder Head and Component Maintenance 2

This article continues to analyze common faults in cylinder heads and their components for Guangxi Dingbo Power Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

6. Common Faults of the Generator Set Injector Assembly

(1) Breakage of the Injector Assembly Fastening Stud

The stud is relatively small (usually M10). When installing and tightening, a torque wrench is not used, but an open - end or box - end wrench is directly used for tightening. The torque is easy to be too large and difficult to control, causing the stud to generate dangerous stress and break under high - pressure impact.

(2) Jamming of Injector Nozzle Couplings

There are two situations for coupling jamming:

When the needle valve is stuck open, the injector cannot atomize, resulting in poor or no combustion, and the engine emits black or white smoke.

When the needle valve is stuck closed, there is no fuel supply to the cylinder, and the cylinder does not work. In either case of jamming, the engine power will decrease, and there will be abnormal noises. The main reasons for coupling jamming are as follows:

The diesel is not clean and contains impurities that jam the needle valve.

The fuel supply to the cylinder is abnormal, the combustion is poor, and the nozzle is carbonized and burned.

The fuel supply angle of the engine is too large, the fuel supply is large, the combustion time is long, and the engine temperature is high.

7. Cylinder Head Gasket Burning

After the cylinder head gasket (also known as the cylinder head gasket blow - out) burns, the metal sheet of the fire - resistant ring of the gasket delaminates, and its filler is charred (this does not occur for steel - sheet gaskets), resulting in damage to the gasket. This causes cylinder head gas leakage (leaking outside the cylinder head or into the water channel) or water leakage (leaking outside the cylinder head or into the cylinder liner). The main reasons for cylinder head gasket burning are as follows:

The engine has poor combustion and heat dissipation, resulting in an excessively high engine temperature.

The tightening torque of the cylinder head bolts is insufficient or uneven, causing the local heating area of the gasket to increase and the heating time to be too long.

The valve clearance is too large, the exhaust temperature is high, and the fuel supply angle is too large. These are also reasons for the cylinder head gasket burning in diesel generators. When the cylinder head gasket burns and gas leaks, there will be a hissing sound of gas leakage, and the engine power will decrease.

Note: If the cylinder head gasket burning causes the cylinder to communicate with the water channel, a large number of bubbles will appear in the water tank.

If the cylinder head gasket blows out at a certain position frequently, the protruding height of the cylinder head positioning sleeve should be checked. At the same time, when tightening the cylinder head bolts, start tightening from this position. So far, no phenomenon of cylinder head gasket blow - out caused by cylinder head deformation has been found.

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