Emergency power supply (EPS) is composed of fire protection facilities, emergency lighting, accident lighting and other first-class load power supply equipment. In this article, Starlight Power mainly introduces the fault analysis of emergency diesel generator.
As a backup power source, emergency diesel generator set provides AC power to the load in case of main power failure, ensuring continuous power supply of the load. It is widely used in various industries such as communication, coal mine, etc., and various faults occurred in the operation of the diesel generator set. Most of them are caused by untimely, inoperative or improper operation of the operation manager.
Emergency Diesel Generator Failure
Fault | Fault characteristics and causes | Elimination method |
Oil pressure alarm shutdown | Pressure sensor broken | Replace the pressure sensor |
Poor quality of lubricating oil | Replace the lubricating oil | |
Oil filter is dirty | Replace the oil filter | |
Pressure valve failure | Repair or replace pressure valves | |
Oil pump failure | Replace the oil pump | |
Insufficient oil | Add oil | |
High water temperature alarm and stop | Insufficient cooling water | Add cooling water, the cooling water must be distilled water |
Engine cannot start | Water temperature sensor is broken | Replace the water temperature sensor |
Tubing has air | Check, exhaust air | |
Tank valve is not open | Open the oil tank valve | |
Oil tank without oil | Add fuel | |
Poor fuel quality | Replace the fuel | |
Starter motor failure | Replace the starting motor | |
Insufficient battery capacity | Charge the battery | |
Battery terminal oxidation, poor contact | Rust removal, fasten battery connection bolt | |
High pressure oil pump failure | Repair or replace the oil pump | |
Air filter is blocked | Replace or clean air filter | |
Diesel engine power | Fuel line, fuel filter into air or blocked | Remove air or replace fuel filter cartridge |
Fuel injection pump does not atomize oil | Check for repair or replacement of coupling parts | |
The generator body is overheated, the ambient temperature is too high, the temperature of the oil and cooling water is high, and the discharge temperature is also greatly increased. | Check the cooler and radiator to remove scale; check if the pipe diameter is toosmall. If the ambient temperature is too high, the ventilation should be improved to improve the cooling effect. | |
There is abnormal noise when the diesel engine is running. | The transmission gear is worn and the tooth gap is too large; the front cover emits an abnormal sound, and when the engine suddenly drops, the impact sound can be heard. | Adjust the backlash and replace the gear according to the wear condition |
Inlet and the exhaust valve clearance is too large, and a loud rhythmic noise is heard at the cylinder head. | Recalibrate the valve clearance | |
There is no oil between the rocker arm adjusting screw and the spherical seat of the push rod. The "squeak" of dry friction is heard at the cylinder. | Add oil | |
Exhaust black smoke | Air filter blocked, intake air blocked | Check and clean the air filter |
The fuel supply of each cylinder is uneven. | Adjust the fuel injection pump | |
Incorrect valve clearance and poor valve seal | Adjust the valve clearance, check the sealing cone, and eliminate the defects | |
Exhaust white smoke | The atomization of injector is poor, there is oil drop phenomenon, and the injection pressure is insufficient. | Check the nozzle couplings for grinding or replacement, and re-adjust the injection pressure to the specified range |
Incomplete combustion in individual cylinders when the engine is just started | Increase the speed and load properly, and run more time. |
Emergency Diesel Generator Start-up Operation
Release the "emergency stop" button on the control panel.
Turn the power switch knob on the control panel to the “ON” position, the power indicator light is red, and the generator's controller power is on and displays normally.
Press the manual button on the generator controller panel, the indicator on the manual button lights up, and a palm is displayed in the lower right corner of the LCD screen. This is the manual start mode.
Press the start button on the generator controller panel to start the generator, the generator start indicator lights up, and the LCD screen shows that the three-phase voltage rises from 0V to 230V.
Check the generator for abnormal noise or vibration, whether there is oil leakage, water leakage or air leakage, and whether the control panel displays abnormality.
After confirming that the generator power output has stabilized at about 230V, close the generator control cabinet output circuit breaker, and the diesel generator starts normal power supply.
Emergency Power Output Operation
Check the emergency power supply incoming cabinet breaker, the voltage output shows about 230V, and check that the output status of each feeder circuit is normal.
Operation of Emergency Power Distribution Cabinet in Each Substation
Check and confirm that the incoming power supply of the emergency power distribution cabinet of each substation has been cut to the generator power supply state (backup power supply).
If ATS is not switched to the standby power state, the ATS control switch is cut to the manual state, and the special handle is used to manually switch to the standby power supply state (generator power supply).
Check the normal power supply status of each feeder circuit of the emergency power distribution cabinet.
After the diesel generator is working normally, it is necessary to check the running state of the generator and the output current, voltage and other parameters.
Emergency Diesel Generator Shutdown Operation
Confirm that the incoming power supply of the emergency power distribution cabinet of each substation has been cut to the mains power supply (common power supply).
Confirm that the load has completely exited and disconnect the generator emergency power inlet cabinet circuit breaker.
Disconnect the generator control cabinet output main circuit breaker.
Make sure that the generator is cooled for about 3 minutes at idle speed, then press the stop button on the generator controller panel, the stop button indicator lights up, and the generator stops normally.
If there is an emergency to stop the generator, you can not turn off the generator control cabinet output circuit breaker, directly press the red "emergency stop" button on the controller panel, and the generator will stop in an emergency.
After confirming that the generator is stopped, turn the power switch knob on the control panel to the “off” position, the power indicator light is off, and press the “emergency stop” button to complete the shutdown of the diesel generator.
Notes:
When the diesel generator is running at no load, it shall not exceed 5 minutes.
Do not take off the battery during the operation of the diesel generator to avoid the damage of electronic components.
Do not open the lid of the water tank before the diesel generator set is cooled to prevent scalds.
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