Causes Of Black Smoke From The Exhaust System Of Diesel Generators

Generally speaking, the black smoke from the exhaust pipe in the exhaust of diesel generators is caused by insufficient fuel combustion. For example, poor fuel atomization, low cylinder pressure, lack of fresh air in the cylinder, wrong air distribution phase, large amount of carbon deposits, poor lubrication, wear of the fuel injection pump plunger, etc. Below, Starlight Power will share with you diesel power generation 10 main reasons for the black smoke from the exhaust pipe of the machine.

1. Poor fuel atomization. The fuel atomization effect is poor. It takes a long time to form a mixed gas after spraying, and the combustion takes a long time. The fuel is exhausted before the fuel is fully burned, and the diesel engine emits black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The main reasons for the poor fuel atomization effect are: (1) Injector pressure adjustment is too low. (2) Injector pressure adjustment spring is broken or stuck. (3) Injector nozzle idol carbon deposits and nozzle stuck Or suffer excessive wear. (4) The decompression ring belt of the outlet valve of the fuel injection pump is excessively worn, and the fuel injector drips oil.

2. Low pressure in the cylinder. The pressure difference in the cylinder reduces the compression pressure. This situation may be caused by excessive wear on the piston and cylinder liner, excessive wear on the piston ring, or the same opening direction. If the valve is not tightly sealed, there is also the possibility of air leakage. Pressure difference in the cylinder, low temperature at the end of compression, air leakage can reduce air, diesel fuel is not fully burned, causing black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The main reasons for poor cylinder compression are: (1) When the cylinder liner and piston ring are worn and damaged a lot, errors or inflexibility during the installation and use of the piston ring often lead to air leakage. (2) Valves If the gap is too small, the hot car is easy to open, or the valve is burned out, and the carbon deposits cause the cylinder block to be tightly sealed. (3) The gap between the cylinder head and the cylinder head is too large, resulting in a lack of volume in the engine combustion chamber.

3. Lack of fresh air in the cylinder. Blocking the filter screen or the intake pipe can reduce the amount of air entering the cylinder, the diesel fuel is not fully burned, and the exhaust pipe emits black smoke. When the injector is normal and the cylinder compression is good, the diesel engine exhaust pipe emits black smoke at high and low speeds under load. At this time, after removing the air filter, the black smoke from the exhaust pipe disappears immediately and needs to be cleaned. The main reasons for excessive dust accumulation in the air filter element are: (1) the air filter element is corroded, carbonized or oily. (2) the intake and exhaust valve clearance is too large, resulting in reduced valve opening. (3) The parts of the valve mechanism are loose, worn, deformed, the relative positions of the camshaft gear and the crankshaft timing gear have changed, and the valve switching time is wrong.

4. The gas distribution phase is wrong. If the valve clearance is too large, the valve end of the cam will be severely worn. It can reduce the air intake of the cylinder, the exhaust gas in the cylinder is not clean, it will also cause insufficient combustion of diesel, and black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The air supply mechanism should be checked and adjusted.

5. A lot of carbon buildup. Insufficient combustion and excessive carbon deposits in the exhaust pipe will result in excessively high temperature in the combustion chamber of the engine, increased air intake resistance, insufficient intake air, unclean exhaust, insufficient combustion, and exhaust pipe emissions. Smoky.

6. Wrong fuel brand. The brand of diesel used is wrong, the viscosity is too high, or the quality of diesel is poor, it is not easy to catch fire, and the exhaust pipe emits black smoke, and the combustion chamber and exhaust pipe of the engine are also prone to carbon formation.

7. Poor lubrication. The diesel engine is not well lubricated, or the crank and connecting rod mechanism is severely worn, the running resistance becomes larger, the diesel engine is overloaded, the diesel is not fully burned, and the exhaust pipe emits black smoke.

8. Overheating or overload operation. The high temperature of the internal combustion engine during operation will reduce the charge density of the combustion chamber of the engine, resulting in poor gas mixture formation in the cylinder, resulting in insufficient diesel combustion and black smoke from the exhaust pipe. Long-term overload operation and excessive fuel injection will cause the mixture to be too thick, and the diesel engine will emit black smoke from the exhaust pipe (most obvious when climbing with heavy load).

9. The plunger of the fuel injection pump is worn out. The plunger and coupling parts of the fuel injection pump are severely worn. The common fault is that the fuel supply pressure of the high-pressure pump rises slowly, which affects the normal fuel supply time, prolongs the fuel injection process, and affects the quality of fuel injection atomization. Therefore, the oil pump is severely worn and should be replaced in time.

10. The fuel supply time and quantity are wrong. Due to the late fuel supply time, the fuel injected into the cylinder missed the best time for the formation and combustion of the mixed gas, and a large number of unburned fuel was discharged from the cylinder, causing the diesel engine to cause black smoke from the exhaust pipe. Too much fuel injection will cause the mixed gas concentration to be too high, and the fuel cannot be fully burned. The main reasons for the fuel supply time and fuel supply error are: (1) The fuel supply time is too late. (2) The fuel supply time is too early at the initial start, oil stroke. (3) When the stroke of the oil pump oil adjustment lever is too large, causing excessive oil supply.

There are mainly 10 reasons for the black smoke from the exhaust pipe of a diesel engine. Have you learned to analyze? For more details, please contact us with sales@dieselgeneratortech.com