Types of Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Generators

The formation of fuel mixture in diesel generator sets is carried out in the combustion chamber of the diesel engine. The diesel generator is high-pressure injected into the combustion chamber, and after compression ignition, it undergoes a diffusion combustion method of simultaneous injection and combustion. This working mode determines that the mixture of diesel and air is uneven, inevitably leading to local hypoxia or oxygen enrichment. The surplus air is prone to producing exhaust emissions such as CO2, CO, HC (hydrocarbons), PM (particulate matter), etc. under high temperature conditions. In this article, let's learn about the types of exhaust emissions from diesel generators together.

1. C02 (carbon dioxide) is produced by burning substances containing carbon elements. Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the significant consumption of fossil fuels such as oil and the extensive deforestation of tropical rainforests as absorption sources, the CO2 content in the atmosphere has grown rapidly. C02 causes the Earth to warm up, known as the greenhouse effect. Compared to gasoline engines, diesel generators consume less fuel and emit relatively less CO2.

2. CO (carbon monoxide), the target of exhaust emission restrictions. CO is produced by incomplete combustion of fuel in a state of insufficient oxygen. About 90% of CO emissions are believed to come from automobiles, and among various gases emitted, CO emissions were the earliest to be restricted. After being inhaled by humans, this gas will produce a hemolytic reaction leading to poisoning. But compared to gasoline engines, diesel generators have more complete combustion, so the amount of CO produced is very small.

3. HC (hydrocarbons), the subject of exhaust emission restrictions. HC is a general term for the combination of hydrogen and carbon. This is also the reason for the formation of photochemical smoke, which can have an impact on the respiratory system depending on the type.

4. PM (particulate matter), a restricted object for exhaust emissions. PM is a general term for particulate matter emitted from diesel engines, mainly soot. It is composed of the remaining fuel and lubricant components after combustion, as well as the components generated by sulfur combustion in light oil fuel.

5. NOX (nitrogen oxides), the subject of exhaust emission restrictions. NOX is a collective term for various compounds such as NO, N02, N20, N202, etc. It is produced by the combination of nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules at high temperatures. Not only cars, cigarettes, and stoves also produce NOx. The higher the combustion temperature, the easier it is to produce NOx. Therefore, in diesel engine design, it is necessary to consider reducing the combustion temperature appropriately.

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